Endoparasitic Helminths of various Species of Frogs in Penang island, Peninsular Malaysia

Taxonomists have described more than 5,000 species of frogs (Duellman and Trueb, 1994). Disease has been a factor in the decline of amphibian populations worldwide, although other factors including habitat loss and fragmentation, chemical pollution, climate changes, introduction of exotic species, increased ultraviolet radiation, and natural pollution have also been responsible for the decline (Hayes et al., 2010).Malaysia is a country with an equatorial climate with high annual humidity ranging from 60% to 90% and rainfalls of 2000 to 3000 mm, resulting with a rich diverse biodiversity of wildlife (Department of Meteorology Malaysia, 2011). Malaysia harbors about 165 species from six families of anurans of which more than 150 species are found in Borneo (Inger and Stuebing, 2005), 107 species in Peninsular Malaysia, including 26 species in Penang Island (Ibrahim et al., 2008).